Ngokufika kwehlobo namaholide, Ukulahlwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuyanda kulo lonke elaseSpainNaphezu kwentuthuko yezomthetho kanye nokwanda kokuqwashisa komphakathi, izinkulungwane zezinja namakati zigcina zisezitaladini noma ezindaweni zokukhosela minyaka yonke. Izibalo ezisemthethweni, ezifaka phakathi izilwane ezifika ezindaweni zokukhosela izilwane kuphela, zisalokhu zimangalisa: cishe izilwane ezingu-285.000 zathathwa ngo-2025, inani elingazange lihlale lizinzile uma liqhathaniswa namanani aphezulu eminyaka edlule.
Ngemuva kwalezi zinombolo kunezindaba ezinzima, njengekaBisú, eyalahlwa yipulazi lokuzalela; uSal, owalahlekelwa umndeni wakhe; noma u-Amapola, watholakala egula epaki lezimboni. Inkinga akuyona nje inkathi, kodwa ingokwesakhiwo.Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokushiywa—ukuzala izilwane okungafunwa, ukulahlekelwa yisithakazelo, ukushintsha kwamakheli, noma ukuphela kwesizini yokuzingela—ziyafana unyaka nonyaka, ngokusho kochwepheshe. Okwamanje, omasipala bendawo kanye nezindawo zokukhosela izilwane baqala imikhankaso yokuzama ukuvimbela lokhu kufuduka.
Omasipala basebenza: izinsuku ezivulekile kanye nokuqwashisa
Omasipala abaningana banqume ukushintsha amazwi baye esenzweni. E-Alcalá de Henares, uMkhandlu Wedolobha uhlele umhlangano wokuvula eSikhungweni Sokuvikela Izilwane Sikamasipala ngeSonto elizayo, mhla ziyi-12 kuNtulikazi, ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi “Usuku olulandela ukushiywa.” Kusukela ngo-17:00 ntambama kuya ku-19:00 ntambama, izakhamuzi zizokwazi ukuzwa ubufakazi obuvela ezindaweni zokukhosela izilwane ezifana neVydaanimal Alkalaína, iSalvando Peludos, i-APAP, i-APAMAG kanye neCon Alma.Lezi zethulo zizolandisa izindaba zangempela zezilwane ezisindisiwe kanye nenqubo yokululama kwazo. Ulwazi luzohlinzekwa futhi ngokutholwa okunesibopho, ukuzithandela, kanye nokuxhaswa, futhi ababekhona bazokhunjuzwa ukuthi kunezinye izindlela zokuthatha indawo yokushiywa, njengezindawo zokuhlala ezilungele izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nezinsizakalo zokunakekela izingane ezingakhuliswanga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSan Fernando de Henares iqalise umkhankaso othi “#DontForgetMeOnVacation”, lapho uMkhandlu Wedolobha ufuna ukukhulisa ulwazi ngomthwalo wemfanelo ohilelekile ekubeni nesilwane esifuywayo. Zombili lezi zinhlelo zinomyalezo obalulekile: izilwane ezifuywayo azizona izinto okufanele zilahlwe lapho kufika isikhathi seholide.IKhansela Lezemvelo lase-Alcalá, uVicente Pérez, ugcizelele ukuthi inhloso “ukudala ulwazi ngomphakathi, ukugqamisa umthelela ongokomzwelo nowomzimba wokulahlwa, kanye nokukhuthaza ukutholwa ngokomthetho nangokwethembeka.”
Izibalo zokushiywa: izilwane ezingaphezu kuka-800 ngosuku
Ngokusho kwedatha evela kudokotela wezilwane kanye nodokotela wesayensi uTomás Palomares, ngokubambisana neNubika, Njalo ngehora, izilwane ezingu-33 ziyalahlwa eSpain, okungaba ngu-800 ngosuku.Lezi zibalo, ezihlanganiswe yi-El Refugio Foundation, zibonisa ukuthi cishe izinja ezingu-174.000 zasindiswa ngonyaka odlule kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uPalomares uxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu kubalwa akubandakanyi izilwane ezitholakale zifile, lezo ezibulawe ngabanikazi bazo, noma lezo ezilahlwe emabhokisini. “Kubukeka sengathi kuyinto engaphandle kwezwe elingaphansi komhlaba ukuthi ngo-2026 amathole angafuneki aseseyinye yezizathu eziyinhloko zokusindiswa,” kukhala uchwepheshe, ophikelela ngokuthi Ukuthena kuyindlela elula nephephile okuyinto abanikazi abaningi abaqhubeka beyigwema ngenxa yobudedengu.
Iqembu Eliluhlaza (i-EQUO Greens) nalo likhulume. Okhulumela nabo, u-Ana María Carnero, uthe “ihlobo alikwazi ukuba yisizathu sokususa ilungu lomndeni” futhi wakhumbuza wonke umuntu ngoMthetho 7/2023 ngokuvikelwa kwamalungelo ezilwane kanye nenhlalakahle. Ihlukanisa ukushiywa njengecala elibi kakhulu, kanye nezijeziso ezingafinyelela kuma-euro angu-50.000.Kodwa-ke, empeleni, izinhlawulo eziningi zincishiswa kakhulu, njengoba kwenzeka kowesifazane owashiya amakati ayisishiyagalombili edoti futhi wagcina ekhokhe ama-euro angu-600 kuphela. “Kushibhile kunokumboza izindleko zezilwane,” kusho uPalomares.
Ezinye izindlela kanye nobunikazi obunomthwalo wemfanelo: ngale kokuqaphela
Njengoba bebhekene neqiniso lokushiywa, amakhansela endawo kanye nezindawo zokukhosela izilwane zinikeza izindlela zokuvimbela izilwane ukuthi zingagcini zisemgwaqweni. Ukwamukela ingane ngendlela ehloniphekile kuyindlela enconywa kakhulu, kodwa ukuzithandela kanye nokuxhasa nakho kukuvumela ukuthi ubambisane ngaphandle kokukhulisa ingane.Isibonelo, eHuelva, iSikhungo Sezilwane Sikamasipala (iCaphuelva) sinezilwane ezingu-60 ezilinde amakhaya, ezinye iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu, futhi siqalise uhlelo lokuzithandela olunikeza ukuhamba ngezinyawo, imisebenzi yokuxhumana nabantu, kanye nokucebisa. Baphinde banikeze izeluleko eziqondene nomuntu ngamunye emindenini yokutholwa kanye nokulandelela ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengezinja ezingaba yingozi.
Iqembu eliluhlaza, lona, ligcizelela ukuthi Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo esikhundleni sokushiywa ngaphandle: izindawo zokuhlala ezilungele izilwane ezifuywayo, izindawo zokuhlala ezivunyiwe, abanakekeli basekhaya, kanye nabaqeqeshi abangochwepheshe.USalustiano Luque, okhulumela iqembu esifundazweni, ugcizelele ukuthi “uma ungakwazi ukunakekela isilwane izinsuku ezingu-365 ngonyaka, inketho enomthwalo wemfanelo kakhulu ukungasifaki empilweni yakho.” Ngokusho kochwepheshe, amacala amaningi okushiywa kwesilwane avela ezinkingeni zokuziphatha ezingaxazululwa ngosizo lwesazi sezenhlalo, kodwa abanikazi bakhetha “ukubuyisela” isilwane kunokutshala isikhathi nemali, benganaki amasu okukhuthaza ubunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo obunomthwalo wemfanelo.
Umthetho, inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili
UMthetho Wezenhlalakahle Yezilwane ka-2023 wawuyisinyathelo esiqhubekela phambili ekuqapheliseni izilwane njengezidalwa ezinengqondo nokwandisa izinhlawulo, kodwa Akubandakanyi izinja zokuzingela, ezisebenzayo, nezokusindisa, odokotela bezilwane abathi kudala “ubuzenzisi.”UTomás Palomares ugxeka iqiniso lokuthi umkhakha wokuzingela uyaqhubeka nokuba ngomunye wemithombo eyinhloko yokushiywa kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ekupheleni kwesizini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphoqelelwa kwezijeziso kusalokhu kungasheshi. Icala lowesifazane onezinyane, inhlawulo yakhe yehlisiwe kusukela ku-€10.000 kuya ku-€600 ngokubambisana, libonisa ukuthi “abantu bafunda kuphela uma kulimaza izikhwama zabo zemali.”
Okwamanje, odokotela bezilwane babhekene nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo okwandayo. “Ukuba udokotela wezilwane kusho ukubhekana nezinkinga zokuziphatha ezinzima nsuku zonke,” kuchaza uPalomares, olandisa ukuthi bangaki abanikazi abafuna ukubulawa kwezilwane ezinempilo futhi, uma benqatshwa, basongela ngokuzibulala ngobudlova. Ukukhathala kobubele kanye nezimo eziyingozi kuholela ochwepheshe abaningi ukuba bashiye umtholampiloEkilasini lakhe lokuphothula, babili kuphela abantu abasasebenza.
Kodwa akuzona zonke izindaba ezimbi. Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi ikhambi lisekelwe ezinsikeni ezimbili: ukufundisa izizukulwane ezintsha kanye nokuphoqelela umthetho ngokuqinile. “Njengoba nje uthola ithikithi lomgwaqo ngokungenakugwenywa, kumele kube nemiphumela yokuphatha kabi isilwane,” kusho uPalomares. Futhi nakuba uhambo lude, umphakathi usuvele uthathe izinyathelo ezibalulekile. Eminyakeni edlule kwakungenakwenzeka ukubona icala lokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane enkantolo, futhi namuhla izakhamuzi ziphakamisa amazwi azo.Imikhankaso yokuqwashisa, izinsuku ezivulekile, kanye nomsebenzi ongakhathali wezindawo zokukhosela izilwane kanye nezisebenzi zokuzithandela kubonisa ukuthi, naphezu kwakho konke, kunethemba ngezinkulungwane zezilwane ezilinde ithuba lesibili.
