Ukulahlwa komdlwane kusengenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zenhlalakahle yezilwane eSpain nasemazweni amaningana aseLatin America. Ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula, kuye kwavela amacala amaningana, aveza iqiniso elibhekene nezinkulungwane zezilwane ezisencane, okuthi ngaphandle kwephutha lazo, zigcine sezihlala emigwaqweni noma ezindaweni zokukhosela. Ngeshwa, izinombolo ziyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, futhi izizathu zokushiywa zikhombisa kakhulu ukuntula ulwazi nezinsiza zobunikazi obunomthwalo wemfanelo.
Izindaba zokulahlwa komdlwane zivame ukungena ngokushesha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana nasemithonjeni yezokuxhumana, zidale intukuthelo nobumbano ngokulingana. Inkinga, nokho, idlulela ngalé komthelela okhona ngaleso sikhathi; ngemuva kwecala ngalinye kukhona inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yezimbangela nemiphumela ethinta kokubili izilwane nomphakathi.
Amanani nezizathu eziyinhloko zokulahlwa
Ngo-2024, izindawo zokukhosela zaseSpain zathatha izinja ezingaphezu kuka-173.000 namakati angu-118.000, okuyirekhodi eliphezulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Kuzo zonke izinja eziqoqiwe, Cishe u-24% bekuyimidlwane, eqinisekisa lokho Udoti ongafunwa useyimbangela eyinhloko yokulahlwa, ngokocwaningo oluthi "He Would Never Do It" yi-Affinity Foundation. Phakathi kwamakati, isigameko simangalisa nakakhulu: cishe ingxenye yalabo abatholakalayo basebasha.
Ezinye izici ezivamile zihlanganisa ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo esilwaneni, ukunyakaza, izinkinga zezimali, ukuphela kwenkathi yokuzingela, nobunzima bokuthola izindlu ezilungele izilwane ezifuywayo. Futhi, Ukuntuleka kokuhlonza ama-microchip kwenza kube nzima ukuthola abanikazi, njengoba cishe u-75% wezilwane eziqoqiwe azinayo i-chip.
E-Latin America, amacala akamuva aqinisekisile ukuthi ukulahlwa komdlwane kwenzeka ezimweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.: kusukela kudoti elahliwe emasakani emgwaqweni, kuya ezinjeni ezishiywe emnyango wezakhiwo zomphakathi noma amabhizinisi, ngokuvamile athwetshulwa amakhamera onogada noma ngenxa yokusabela okusheshayo kofakazi.
Ukuhlenga kwakamuva kanye nobumbano lwezakhamizi
Emasontweni asanda kwedlula, kube nokuhlengwa okuningi kwama-litter ashiywe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zaseSpain naseLatin America. Isibonelo salokhu ukungenelela kwamaphoyisa Endawo e-Bormujos, lapho kwatholakala khona imidlwane eyisithupha futhi isivele yathola ukunakekelwa kwezilwane futhi ilinde amakhaya angunaphakade. Leli cala lidale inqwaba yemiyalezo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kanti umkhandlu wedolobha usuqale uphenyo ukuze kutholwe umuntu onecala.
Kwabanye omasipala, njengePunta Arenas kanye neMolina, ukusebenzisana phakathi kweziphathimandla, odokotela bezilwane, kanye nabantu bekubalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo zemidlwane eminingana, eminingi yayo kamuva eyanikezwa ukutholwa ngemva kokuthola ukunakekelwa okudingekayo. Ngisho nasezimeni ezimbi kakhulu, njengemidlwane eshiywe emasakani avaliwe noma ezindaweni zokulahla udoti emvuleni, indima yezakhamizi ibibalulekile ekwenzeni izilwane zihlengwe ngesikhathi.
I-Las Ama-NGO kanye nezinhlangano zamalungelo ezilwane dlala indima ebalulekile kulezi zinqubo, iphethe i ukunakekelwa, ukululama kanye nokuthungatha imindeni yokutholwaKuvamile futhi ukugqugquzela imikhankaso yokuqongelela imali ukuze kuxhaswe ukwelashwa kwezilwane lezi zilwane ezivame ukukudinga ngemva kokulahlwa.
Izenzo ezingokomthetho, imikhankaso kanye nokutholwa okufanele
Ukulahlwa kwezilwane kubonwa njengobugebengu emthethweni wezifunda eziningi, nakuba ukuntuleka kwezinsiza, ukuphoqelelwa okulinganiselwe kwezijeziso, kanye nokungabikho kwamarekhodi asemthethweni kwenza kube nzima ngezimo eziningi ukuholela ekujezisweni kwangempela kwalabo abathintekayo. Ngaphandle kwalesi simo, kunenani elikhulayo lezenzo ezihlanganyelwe phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni nezizimele ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuqaliswa kwemithetho yokuvikela izilwane, ukugqugquzelwa kokuhlonza ama-microchip, ukuvala inzalo okuyimpoqo, kanye nokwethulwa kwemikhankaso yokuqwashisa kanye nokutholwa okunesibopho.
Ukuqapha amacala okulahlwa Kuqashelwa njengokubalulekile kwezinhlangano ezifana ne-Affinity Foundation, egcizelela isidingo sokudala isistimu yokuqoqa idatha ukuze iqondise izinqubomgomo zesikhathi esizayo. Ukusebenzisana kwezakhamizi, iziphathimandla, amavolontiya, nezinhlangano kubalulekile ukuze siqhubekele ekusebenzelaneni kobuntu nokunomthwalo wemfanelo nezilwane ezingabangane.
Ukulahlwa komdlwane kuveza isidingo esiphuthumayo sezinsiza ezengeziwe zokuvimbela, ukuvikelwa, kanye nemfundo, ukunciphisa lezi zimo kanye nokukhuthaza ubunikazi obunomthwalo wemfanelo. Nakuba ukuhlenga nobumbano kunikeza ithemba, ubukhulu benkinga bukhomba ukuthi kusekuningi okusamele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awukho umdlwane okufanele uqale ukuphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kangaka.
