El isifo se-brachycephalic kuyisifo esivamile ku izinja ezikhala ngamakhala okuhlanganisa izinto ezahlukene ukuphazamiseka kwe-anatomical emgudwini wokuphefumula ongaphezulu. Okubizwa nangokuthi i-upper airway obstruction syndrome noma imigudu yomoya ye-brachycephalic, izimbangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula okungathinta ikhwalithi kanye nobude besikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane, kanye nokwenza sibe sengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo sokushisa, izinkinga zenhliziyo kanye nokugaya ukudla.
Yiziphi izinja ezibhekwa njengezinobuchopho obuqinile futhi kungani zithambile kangaka?
Njengoba sishilo, i- Izinhlobo ezinamakhala amancane Izinhlobo ezifana ne-Boxer, i-Shih Tzu, noma i-Pug zithambekele kakhulu kulesi sifo, uma ubheka izici zazo zomzimba. isakhiwo sethambo lempumulo encaneUmoya unesikhala esincane sokufinyelela emaphashini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-trachea yabo ivame ukuba mncane, okwenza izinkinga zokuphefumula zibe zimbi kakhulu, futhi ivame ukuhambisana nomlomo omude kakhulu othambile.
I-Los izinja ze-brachycephalic Zichazwa ngokuba ne- ugebhezi olufushane nolubanziUbuso obuyisicaba kanye nomlomo omfushane. Lokhu kwakheka kubangela amathambo empumulo amafushane kanye namakhala amancane ngokuvamile kunokujwayelekile. Ezinye zezinhlobo ze-brachycephalic ezimele kakhulu zifaka:
- Inja yaseFrance y I-bulldog yesiNgisi
- UPug noma uCarlino
- I-Pekingese
- IBoston Terrier
- Ibhokisi
- Shih Tzu
- Inkosi yaseCavalier uCharles Spaniel
- I-Pekingese, i-Lhasa Apso, i-Dogue de Bordeaux, i-Bullmastiff, i-American Bully, phakathi kwabanye
Kufanele kukhunjulwe lokho Akuzona zonke izinja ze-brachycephalic eziba ne-brachycephalic syndromeKodwa zonke zinomqondo ofanayo ozenza zithambekele kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kokuphefumula kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nakho, ikakhulukazi uma izinto ezifana nokushisa, isisindo, noma ukuvivinya umzimba okunamandla zingalawulwa.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezakha i-brachycephalic syndrome?
I-Brachycephalic syndrome iyisifo esibi kakhulu isethi yezinguquko zesakhiwo okubangela, ngokwako noma ngokuhlangana, ukuvaleka komoya okuphezuluIzinkinga eziyinhloko ezingase zivele enja ene-brachycephalic yilezi:
- Ikhala le-stenoticimpumulo mncane futhi unciphile ezivimbela ukungena komoya.
- ulwanga oluthambile oludeUlwanga oluthambile luyi isikhathi eside futhi ngokuvamile sikhulu evamile futhi ifinyelela emphinjeni, ivimbela i-nasopharynx kanye nokungena komoya.
- Ukuphenduka kwama-saccule e-laryngeal: izingxenye ezincane zezicubu zomphimbo ezitholakala phuma ungene endleleni yokuphefumula ngenxa yomzamo wokuphefumula, okuvimbela kakhulu ukudlula komoya.
- I-hypoplasia yomphimbo: umphimbo one-trachea ububanzi obuncane kunokujwayelekile, okwenza ukuphefumula ngakunye kudinge umzamo owengeziwe.
- I-Macroglossia (ulimi olukhulu): ulimi olukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa okubanzi kakhulu okuthatha ingxenye yesikhala somphimbo, okwenza ukuphefumula kube nzima; le nkinga ayinaso isisombululo esiqondile sokuhlinzwa.
- Isifo sama-larynx esingapheli kanye nokuwa kwama-larynxUkuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kanye nomzamo wokuphefumula oqhubekayo kungagcina kuholele ukuncishiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-larynxokuyinto ezigabeni ezithuthukile engenakulungiseka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zalezi zinja zibonisa izinkinga zokugaya ukudla ezihambisanayo (ukubuyela emuva, ukuhlanza, noma ukuphinda udle) ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kwesifuba ngesikhathi sokuphefumula kanzima. Lokhu kungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla, nakho, kuvuselela njalo umphimbo, i-larynx, kanye nomqala, okwenza isimo sokuphefumula sibe sibi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ze-brachycephalic syndrome ezinjeni
Phakathi kwezimpawu zokuqala esingazibona enjeni enalesi sifo, okulandelayo kuyaphawuleka: umoya omkhulu kakhuluLokhu kungaholela ngisho nasekuhoneni nasekuphefumuleni ngokushesha okukhulu. Le nkinga iba yimbi kakhulu izindawo ezimanzi futhi ku isimo sezulu esishisayokanye nangemva kokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuquleka kuvamile.
Izimpawu zomtholampilo okufanele zixwayise noma yimuphi umnikazi wenja ene-brachycephalic zifaka:
- Ubunzima kanye/noma ukuphefumula okunomsindongokuphefumula okukhulu ngisho noma uphumule.
- Ukuhona okubizwa ngokuthi kanye nezikhathi ezimfushane ngaphandle kokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala.
- Ukukhwehlela nokuthimula, ngezinye izikhathi ngendlela yokuthimula okuphambene.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukugwinya okunomsindo.
- I-Reflujo kanye/noma ukugabha ukudla, ukungakhululeki njalo kokugaya ukudla noma ukuhlanza.
- Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe igwebu noma i-slime, ngezinye izikhathi amathe amhlophe anjengegwebu ahlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kolwanga olude.
- Ukubekezelelana kokuzivocavoca umzimbangokukhathala okusheshayo kanye nokwenqaba ukuhamba amabanga amade.
- I-Cyanosis (izinsini eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila), uphawu lokuntuleka komoya-mpilo egazini.
- Ukuquleka noma ukuphelelwa amandla okuhambisana nokuzikhandla, izikhathi zokukhwehlela, ukucindezeleka, noma ukujabula.
- Ukuwohloka kwezimo zezulu ezifudumele, enengozi enkulu kakhulu yokushaywa yisifo sokushisa.
Zonke lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngezikhathi zokushisa okuphezulu nasezindaweni ezivalekile nezinomswakama. Kubalulekile ukwenza lezi zimpawu ukuze uvimbele lesi sifo ukuthi singaqhubeki. izinkinga zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona noma ngisho ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi okuhlobene nokuwa komoya.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-brachycephalic syndrome
Uma sibona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu esilwaneni sethu, kufanele sicele udokotela wezilwane azihlole ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ku- inhlanganisela yomlando wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uchwepheshe uzohlola isimo sesiguli. impumuloukubukeka kwe ulwanga oluthambileUkuba khona kwemisindo yokuphefumula engajwayelekile kanye nokuvuvukala okungenzeka kwe-larynx. Uchwepheshe cishe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa. isifundo sesifuba sesifuba ukuqeda ezinye izifo, njenge-pneumonia, nokuhlola i-trachea, i-bronchi, amaphaphu kanye nenhliziyo.
Ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile Ukuhlola kahle i-pharynx, i-larynx, kanye nolwanga, njengoba ulimi olujiyile kanye nendawo encane kwenza kube nzima ukubona ngeso lengqondo esilwaneni esiphapheme. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kwenziwe izivivinyo ezengeziwe:
- I-endoscopy yokuphefumula: ivumela ukubona ngqo i-larynx, i-trachea, kanye ne-bronchi.
- Ama-X-ray anemininingwane futhi, kwezinye iziguli, kwenziwa i-computed tomography yogebhezi ukuze kuhlolwe izinga lokuvaleka.
- I-endoscopy yokugaya ukudla uma kunezimpawu zokuthi kukhona i-reflux noma ukuhlanza okungapheli ukuze kutholakale izilonda emphinjeni nasesiswini.
Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwazo zonke izakhiwo ezithintekile kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi yini amasu okuhlinza noma izinyathelo zezokwelapha ezidingwa yinja ngayinye kanye nokuthola isibikezelo esingokoqobo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-brachycephalic syndrome ezinjeni
Ngenhlanhla, kukhona ifayela le- Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa Lokhu kuxazulula kakhulu lezi zimpawu uma ukuvinjelwa kubalulekile. Le ndlela ivame ukuhlanganisa lezi zimpawu. tratamiento conservador y ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwakuye ngokuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani.
Ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kanye nokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke
Ezimweni ezincane noma njengokwengeza ekuhlinzweni, kusetshenziswa izinyathelo zokunciphisa umzamo wokuphefumula:
- Ukulawula isisindo okuqinileukugwema ukukhuluphala, okwandisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula.
- Indawo epholile futhi enomoya omuhlengaphandle kokuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni noma emswakama ophezulu.
- Umsebenzi womzimba olawulwayoukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba nokugwema ukuzivocavoca okunamandla, ikakhulukazi phakathi nosuku.
- Ukusetshenziswa ihhanisi esikhundleni sekhola ukugwema ukucindezela izakhiwo ze-trachea noma zentamo.
- Ukufinyelela njalo emanzini ahlanzekile ukukhuthaza umswakama omuhle.
- Ukucindezeleka kanye nokuphathwa kokuvuka kwenhliziyookungase kubangele iziqephu zokuphefumula okukhulu kanye nokuwa komoya.
Udokotela wezilwane angancoma futhi ukunikeza bronchodilators, izidakamizwa zokukhwehlela y ama-glucocorticoids asebenza ngokushesha ukulawula izigameko ezibukhali zokuvuvukala noma izinkinga zokuphefumula, njalo njengesinyathelo sokuphatha esithile futhi hhayi njengokufaka esikhundleni esiqondile sokulungiswa kokwakheka komzimba lapho lokhu kudingeka.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Brachycephalic syndrome
Ezinjeni ezinezimpawu eziphakathi noma ezinzima, ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa Kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethwayo yokuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Izinqubo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:
- Ukulungiswa kwamakhala e-stenotic: ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki khulisa ikhala futhi uvumele ukugeleza komoya okukhulu.
- Ukususwa kolwanga oluthambile oludeUlwanga oluthambile luyafinyezwa futhi, ezimweni eziningi, luyancishiswa ukuze lungasavimbeli i-nasopharynx.
- Ukususwa kwama-everted laryngeal saccule: izingxenye zezicubu eziphumayo zingene endleleni yokuphefumula ziyasuswa.
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-tracheostomy yesikhashana noma engunaphakade ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya ungena kahle uma i-larynx iwile kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kwanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa enjeni ene-brachycephalic, ukuphathwa kwe-anesthetic kanye nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa Zibuthakathaka. Lezi ziguli zivame ukudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela okulandelayo, ukubhekwa eduze, ukufakwa kwepayipi isikhathi eside, futhi, kwezinye izimo, i-tracheostomy yesikhashana kuze kube yilapho ukuvuvukala kuphelile futhi zikwazi ukuphefumula ngendlela evamile.
Ukubikezela kanye nezinga lempilo
I-prognosis incike ku- iminyaka yenja, kusuka izinga lokukhubazeka yezindlela zabo zokuphefumula nokuthi ngabe kube nezinguquko ezingalungiseki yini elarynx noma ku-trachea. Ezinjeni ezincane, ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo nokulula, isibikezelo ngokuvamile siba okuhle kakhuluZiphefumula kangcono, zibekezelela ukuvivinya umzimba okwengeziwe, futhi zibhekana nokwehla okukhulu kwezigameko zokuphefumula nokuwa. Ezilwaneni ezindala, noma lezo ezinesifo somphimbo esithuthukile, isibikezelo singase siqashelwe kakhulu.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi kutholakale isifo kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa uma kubonisiwe, kanye nemikhuba emihle yokuphatha (ukulawula isisindo, ukugwema ukushisa nokuzivocavoca okunzima, ukuhlolwa njalo), izinja eziningi ezine-brachycephalic zingajabulela i- impilo ende futhi ekhululekilengezinkinga zokuphefumula ezimbalwa kanye nengozi ephansi yezinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhogela okukhulu, ukukhathala kalula, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula akuzona izimpawu "ezivamile" zalezi zinhlobo, kodwa izimpawu zesifo isifo esingelaphekaIvumela abanakekeli ukuthi benze izinqumo ngesikhathi esifanele futhi banikeze izinja zabo ezinobuso obuyisicaba ukunakekelwa kanye nokwelashwa abakudingayo ngempela.