El umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni Kuyisifo esiyingozi esihlasela esinye sezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni: isibindi. Ibonakala ngokukhula okungavamile kwamangqamuzana kulesi sitho, okuphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo ngendlela efanele. Isibindi sinemisebenzi ebalulekile, njengokuguqula izakhi, ukuqeda ubuthi egazini, nokulawula imetabolism. Ngakho-ke, noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yesilwane esifuywayo.
Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza lungaba oyinhloko noma i-metastatic. Esokuqala sisuka esibindini, kanti esesibili siphuma kwesinye isimila esiye sametastasized kulesi sitho.
Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni, ngayinye enezici ezithile eziphathelene nemvelaphi yayo, ukukhula nokwelashwa. Ngezansi, sichaza ezivame kakhulu:
- Umdlavuza oyinhloko: Lokhu akuvamile futhi kuthinta kakhulu izinja ezindala. Ukukhula okungavamile kwamangqamuzana esibindi, ezimweni eziningi kuba yingozi.
- Umdlavuza we-Metastatic: Enye evame kakhulu. Isuka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba bese idlulela esibindini, iphinde ibe nomthelela ohlelweni lwe-biliary.
- I-Hepatocellular carcinoma: Iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza oyinhloko ezinjeni. Ngokuvamile inkulu, ihlanganisa izingxenye ezinkulu zesibindi.
- I-biliary carcinoma: Ithinta kakhulu imigudu yenyongo yesibindi futhi inokuziphatha okunolaka, okungenzeka kube ne-metastasis ephezulu.
- I-Mesenchymal neoplasms: Avala amathumba avela kumaseli ezicubu ezixhumeneyo zesibindi, njenge-hemangiosarcomas kanye ne-fibrosarcoma, evamise ukuba yi-metastatic.
Zonke lezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza zinezimpawu ezithile, kodwa zabelana ngezimpawu ezivamile, esizoxoxa ngazo kamuva.
Ziyini izimbangela?
Nakuba imbangela eqondile ngemuva umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni, kunezici eziningana eziyingozi. Akekho kubo oqinisekisa ukuthi inja izoba nalesi sifo, kodwa bandisa amathuba okuba khona kwaso.
- Ubudala obuthuthukisiwe: Nakuba umdlavuza ungenzeka ezinjeni ezisencane, uvame kakhulu kulezo ezineminyaka engaphezu kuka-10 ubudala. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yokunqwabelana koshintsho kumaseli esibindi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Ezinye izinhlobo zisemathubeni amaningi okuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezithile zamathumba esibindi. Izinhlobo ezifana ne-Golden Retrievers, abelusi baseJalimane kanye nama-Boxers zibonisa ukubikezelwa okukhulu.
- Ukuchayeka kubuthi: Amakhemikhali, izibulala-zinambuzane, izitshalo ezinobuthi nezinye izinto zingalimaza isibindi. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside noma ngokweqile kungadala izinguquko ezivuna ukukhula komdlavuza.
- Izifo zangaphambili: Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane ezithinta isibindi, kanye nokwehluleka kwesibindi nokuphazamiseka kokuzivikela komzimba, kungaba yizici ezivusa amadlingozi.
- imvelo: Izici zemvelo ezifana nokudla okungenamsoco, ukungcola kanye nemikhuba yokudla engeyinhle nakho kungaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezimila zesibindi.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kwandisa amathuba okwelashwa ngempumelelo, ngakho-ke ukuqaphela izimpawu kubalulekile.
Yiziphi izimpawu?
Isibindi siyisitho esikwazi ukumelana nomonakalo omkhulu ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu ezisobala. Ngeshwa, lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza wesibindi uvame ukutholakala ezigabeni ezithuthukile. Nokho, i izimpawu ezivame kakhulu faka:
- Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla noma izinguquko endleleni yokudla.
- Ukuqhafaza okuvela njalo.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo.
- Ukungabi nesifiso sokudla noma ukungabi nandaba nokudla.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Imikhuba emibi jikelele noma ubuthakathaka.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesisu ngenxa yokunqwabelana koketshezi (ama-ascites).
- Jaundice, okungukuthi, ithoni ephuzi esikhumbeni, emehlweni nasezinsinini, okubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwe-bilirubin etholakala ekuqhekekeni kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
- Ukuquleka ezinjeni esezivele zine-hepatic encephalopathy.
- indle ephaphathekile noma ngegazi.
Izimpawu zingase zingabonakali ngokushesha noma zibe mnene kangangokuthi zinganakwa. Uma inja yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthi uye kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ayohlolwa.
Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni
Ukuxilongwa okunembile kwe umdlavuza wesibindi Kuyinqubo ehlanganisa ukuhlola okuningana ukuze kuqinisekiswe isimo sesibindi nokuhlola izinga lomonakalo. Okwenziwa ngokuvamile:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Basiza ekuboneni ukungahambi kahle kwe-enzyme yesibindi namazinga e-bilirubin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bavumela ukusebenza kwesibindi okujwayelekile ukuthi kuhlolwe.
- I-Ultrasound kanye ne-x-ray: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezithombe kuvumela ukubonwa kwezicubu, usayizi wazo kanye nokunwetshwa ngaphakathi kwesibindi, kanye nakwezinye izitho eziseduze.
- I-biopsy yesibindi: Kubandakanya ukuthatha isampula yezicubu zesibindi ukuze kufundwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Lena indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi isimila siyingozi noma siyingozi.
- I-Computed Tomography (CT) o I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Lezi zifundo zivumela izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi nezinembayo ukuthi zitholwe ukuze kuhlolwe izinga lesimila futhi kuhlelwe ukuhlinzwa okungenzeka.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu izindlela zokwelapha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wezilwane uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile enjeni yakho.
Welashwa kanjani umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni?
El ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesibindi Ezinjeni kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi indawo kanye nohlobo lwesimila, kanye neminyaka kanye nesimo esijwayelekile sesilwane. Izinketho ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ezimeni zezimila eziyinhloko noma ezinkulu, inketho ephumelela kakhulu ukususa i-lobe yesibindi ethintekile. Isibindi sinamandla aphezulu okuvuselela, sikwazi ukusebenza kahle nge-25% kuphela yobukhulu baso bokuqala. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukululama ngokuvamile kuyathandeka ezimweni ze-benign tumors.
- I-Chemotherapy: Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kuma-metastatic tumors noma lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenakwenzeka. Akuwona wonke amathumba asabela ngendlela efanayo ku-chemotherapy, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa okukhethekile kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale inketho engcono kakhulu.
- I-Radiotherapy: Kwezinye izimo, isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isimila futhi ikhulule ubuhlungu. Lokhu kwelashwa akuvamile kakhulu ezinjeni ngenxa yemiphumela engemihle engayibangela.
- Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative: Uma isimila sesithuthuke kakhulu noma singelapheki ngendlela efanele, udokotela wezilwane angase atuse ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yenja futhi kudambise izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu.
Iminyaka yokuphila kwenja enomdlavuza wesibindi incike ohlotsheni lwesimila kanye nokutholakala kwaso kusenesikhathi. Ezimila eziyingozi ezingasebenzi, ukubikezelwa akukuhle kangako, isikhathi sokuphila isikhathi esingangonyaka owodwa. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ze-benign tumor noma ukwelashwa ngesikhathi, inja ingaphila iminyaka eminingana ngemva kokuxilongwa.
Kungavinjelwa?
Nakuba ingekho indlela engenangqondo yokuvimbela umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni, uchungechunge lwezinyathelo lungasiza ukunciphisa ubungozi noma ukubona izinkinga ezingase zibe khona kusenesikhathi:
- Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane: Ukuhlolwa kwezikhathi kusivumela ukuthi sithole noma yikuphi ukudidayo empilweni yenja yakho. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunganikeza izimpawu zokuqala zokungahambi kahle kwesibindi.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Ukunikeza ukudla okulinganiselayo nokugwema ukudla okunamakhemikhali amaningi noma izivimbelakuvunda kuthuthukisa impilo yesibindi.
- Gwema ukuchayeka kubuthi: Vikela inja yakho kumakhemikhali, izibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane noma izitshalo ezingaba ubuthi.
- Imithi yokugoma nokuvimbela izifo: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njenge-canine hepatitis ethathelwanayo, zingathinta kakhulu isibindi.
Umdlavuza wesibindi ezinjeni yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esingathinta kakhulu impilo nenhlalakahle yezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa okufanele, izinga lempilo yezinja ezihlushwa yikho lingathuthukiswa kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuhlale uhlola nodokotela wezilwane futhi unake noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuziphatha okungavamile ezifuyweni zethu. Ngale ndlela, singathatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze sibanikeze ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.